Assessment Design#

Create fair, effective assessments that measure real learning.

Assessment Types#

Type	Purpose	Frequency	Examples
Diagnostic	Find starting point	Before instruction	Pre-test, KWL chart
Formative	Guide learning	Ongoing	Exit tickets, quizzes, discussion
Summative	Evaluate achievement	End of unit	Exam, project, presentation
Authentic	Real-world application	Culminating	Portfolio, case study, simulation
Competency-based	Demonstrate mastery	On demand	Performance tasks, certifications

Rubric Design#

Analytic Rubric (Preferred)#

Criteria	1 - Novice	2 - Developing	3 - Proficient	4 - Exemplary
Clarity	Unclear, confusing	Somewhat clear	Clear and organized	Exceptionally clear
Evidence	No support	Limited support	Relevant support	Compelling, diverse evidence
Analysis	Summary only	Some analysis	Good analysis	Deep, nuanced insight

Holistic Rubric#

Single score based on overall quality. Faster but less specific.

Best Practices#

• Define 3-5 criteria aligned to learning objectives
• Use observable, specific language (not "good" or "poor")
• Include examples or exemplars for each level
• Share rubrics before the assessment
• Calibrate with other assessors before grading

Feedback Principles#

• Timely: Within 24-48 hours or before next similar task
• Specific: "Your thesis statement clearly argues X" (not "good job")
• Actionable: "Try using a clearer topic sentence at paragraph start"
• Kind: Address the work, not the person
• Forward-looking: "For next time, consider..."

Competency-Based Assessment#

• Learners advance upon demonstration of mastery
• Multiple assessment opportunities
• No penalty for first attempts
• Focus on skills and application, not time spent
• Personalized learning paths